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Diervilla lonicera
''Diervilla lonicera'', commonly referred to as northern bush honeysuckle (low bush honeysuckle, dwarf bush honeysuckle, yellow-flowered upright honeysuckle) is a native deciduous shrub found in the northeastern United States and Canada. Its specific epithet, ''lonicera'' (the Latin term for ‘honeysuckle’) refers to its similarity in appearance to the true honeysuckles, genus ''Lonicera''.
==Description==
Northern bush honeysuckle is a deciduous shrub, reaching a maximum height between 0.6 and 1.2 metres.〔Sullivan, J. 1993. (Diervilla lonicera ). In: Fire Effects Information System. Accessed 24 October 2011.〕 This particular species is known for the following characteristics: branches lying close to the ground, fibrous roots, pale yellow flowers, and dry, woody fruit. Northern bush honeysuckle's simple leaves are placed in an opposite arrangement. As the seasons change, so do the leaves' colours: initially green, the leaf gradually deepens to a dark red.〔Jacobs, B, Lens, F., Smets, E. 2009. Evolution of fruit and seed characters in the Diervilla and Lonicera clades (Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales). Annals of Bot. 104: 253 –276.〕 The flowers are in full bloom between early July and early August; the woody seeds are fully matured by September in preparation for dispersal.
''Diervilla lonicera'' has protogynous flowers (initially female-dominant plant), is well-adapted for pollination, and its stigmas remain receptive after anthesis (fully functioning flower).〔Schoen, D.J. 1977. Floral Biology of Diervilla lonicera (Caprifoliaceae). Torrey Bot. Soc. 104(3): 234-240.〕
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